GDPR Article 83(5): the higher fine tier (Regulation (EU) 2016/679, Art 83(5)(a)-(c))
The three things a bad licence would breach (the principles and lawful basis, people's rights, and the transfer rules) all sit in the top tier, up to 20 million euro or 4 percent of worldwide turnover. These are ceilings, not typical fines; the AI-training fines found in this research were far below them.
Dated 18 Oct 2026Source checked 18 Oct 2026Basis: primary text
In the source's own words
“Infringements of the following provisions shall, in accordance with paragraph 2, be subject to administrative fines up to 20 000 000 EUR, or in the case of an undertaking, up to 4 % of the total worldwide annual turnover of the preceding financial year, whichever is higher: (a) the basic principles for processing, including conditions for consent, pursuant to Articles 5, 6, 7 and 9; (b) the data subjects' rights pursuant to Articles 12 to 22; (c) the transfers of personal data to a recipient in a third country or an international organisation pursuant to Articles 44 to 49;”
Where it was read
Also read from the same source
- GDPR Article 5(1)(b): purpose limitation (Regulation (EU) 2016/679, Art 5(1)(b))
- GDPR Article 6(1)(f): legitimate interests as a lawful basis (Regulation (EU) 2016/679, Art 6(1)(f))
- GDPR Article 6(4): compatibility test for a new purpose (Regulation (EU) 2016/679, Art 6(4))
- GDPR Recital 50: further processing and the legal basis (Regulation (EU) 2016/679, recital 50)
- GDPR Article 9(1): special categories of personal data (Regulation (EU) 2016/679, Art 9(1))
- GDPR Article 13(3): telling people before a new purpose (Regulation (EU) 2016/679, Art 13(3))
Figures it counts in
It is shown on its own, not counted into a figure.
Cited in this guide