Ministry of Justice opinion (18 December 2022): copyrighted material in machine-learning datasets is generally permitted, privacy law not covered (State of Israel, Ministry of Justice, Legislation and Legal Counsel (Civil Law), Opinion: Uses of Copyrighted Materials for Machine Learning, 18 December 2022)
Israel's Ministry of Justice takes the view that training a machine-learning model on copyrighted works is generally lawful under Israeli copyright law, mainly as fair use. That is a copyright opinion (the file is in English although its address says 'he'). It says expressly that it does not cover privacy law, so it does not help a holder whose records contain personal data, and it is an opinion, not a statute.
Dated 18 Oct 2026Source checked 18 Oct 2026Basis: primary text
In the source's own words
“This Opinion concludes that apart from certain circumstances, the use of copyrighted materials for ML is permitted under existing copyright doctrines. ... this Opinion does not cover the use of content under other laws, such as privacy laws, immunities, national security, ethics, and the like.”
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